
Tooth sensitivity is a common dental concern that affects millions of people in the UK and around the world. If you've ever felt a sharp pain or discomfort when enjoying a hot cup of tea or biting into an ice cream cone, you're not alone. But what exactly causes tooth sensitivity, and what can you do about it?
The Basics of Tooth Sensitivity
Tooth sensitivity, or dentinal hypersensitivity, occurs when the protective layers of your teeth become compromised, exposing the underlying dentin. Dentin contains tiny tubules that connect to the tooth’s nerve endings. When exposed, these tubules allow hot, cold, sweet, or acidic substances to reach the nerves, triggering discomfort or pain.
Common Causes of Tooth Sensitivity
Enamel Erosion: The enamel is the hard outer layer of your teeth, and it acts as a protective shield. Over time, enamel can wear down due to:
Acidic foods and drinks: Consuming items like citrus fruits, fizzy drinks, and vinegar can erode enamel.
Brushing too hard: Aggressive brushing can wear away the enamel and gum line.
Teeth grinding (bruxism): This habit can gradually weaken and erode enamel.
Gum Recession: When gums recede, they expose the tooth's roots, which lack the protective enamel layer. Gum recession can result from:
Periodontal (gum) disease
Aggressive brushing
Natural ageing
Tooth Decay and Cavities: Decay or cavities can create small holes in the enamel, exposing the dentin and nerves, leading to increased sensitivity.
Dental Procedures: Sensitivity can sometimes occur temporarily after dental treatments such as fillings, crowns, or teeth whitening. This usually subsides within a few weeks.
Cracked or Damaged Teeth: Chips, cracks, or fractures in a tooth can expose the dentin or even the inner pulp, causing sensitivity or sharp pain.
Use of Certain Toothpastes and Mouthwashes: Whitening toothpastes or mouthwashes containing alcohol or harsh chemicals can sometimes aggravate sensitivity, especially if your enamel is already compromised.
Underlying Medical Conditions: Conditions like acid reflux, bulimia, or frequent vomiting due to pregnancy can expose teeth to stomach acid, leading to enamel erosion and sensitivity.
Managing and Preventing Tooth Sensitivity
The good news is that tooth sensitivity can often be managed or even prevented with the right approach:
Switch to a Desensitising Toothpaste: Toothpastes formulated for sensitive teeth contain compounds like potassium nitrate or stannous fluoride that block the tubules in dentin, reducing sensitivity.
Use a Soft-Bristled Toothbrush: Brushing gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush can help protect your enamel and gums.
Maintain Good Oral Hygiene: Regular brushing and flossing can help prevent decay and gum disease, both of which contribute to sensitivity.
Limit Acidic Foods and Drinks: Reduce your consumption of acidic items, and consider rinsing your mouth with water after consuming them to neutralise acids.
Wear a Mouthguard if You Grind Your Teeth: If bruxism is an issue, a custom-made mouthguard from your dentist can protect your enamel from grinding-related damage.
Visit Your Dentist Regularly: Regular dental check-ups are crucial for identifying and addressing the underlying causes of sensitivity.
Get expert advice
If you're concerned about tooth sensitivity then Hampton Dental Care is your go-to private dental practice. Our mission is to provide the highest quality dental treatment, using the most advanced technology and materials available, at fair prices.
Contact us today to arrange a Check-up for only £45, or book online 24 hours a day.
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